Thursday, February 28, 2019

Are Colleges Worth the Price of Admission? Essay

Graduating with six figures value of debt is becoming increasingly common. (179) In the essay Are Colleges Worth the impairment of entry Andrew Hacker and Claudia Dreifus discussed to the highest degree how the price of college nurture is increasing, while the timbre of rough instructors is decreasing. Hacker and Dreifus gave tips on how to make college education successful. Hacker and Dreifus include the tips they discovered including funds, faculty- learner relations, classes that should be taken, alumna prepares, and teaching proficiencys the two also visited prepares crossways the United States from University of Mississippi to western sandwich Oregon and figured out what those checks were doing amend to have a good success rate. Many schools have forgotten what its like to give a savant an education that is price their time and money. Most kids go into several thousands of dollars of debt and come out with a negligent education. If schools were to pay better atte ntion to the tips given, they would be more apt(predicate) to succeed in educating students. Hacker and Dreifus believe that all students should be heterogeneous in the information process.The students must mania to learn what they atomic number 18 learning about but in order for that to happen teachers must love what they argon teaching about and care for their students. All students must be able to use their minds. 64% of under polish students are enrolled in vocational majors, instead of choosing fields like philosophy, literature, or physical science. (180) Those classes are lots more difficult than general classes. Students should non be able to go through college and never be challenged they are paying for a challenge. If a students relationship to faculty members is good then they depart get a better education. The education shouldnt just be the teacher not knowing names, and teaching the relationship should be the teacher knows what the student wants to do with the de gree. But, instead many teachers are apathetic when it comes to a students learning. The teacher gets paid whether they teach well or not. Another trouble is many teachers are getting a sabbatical, which allows them to get time make every 7 years. The reasoning of sabbaticals is so teacherscan expand the look field but as Hacker and Dreifus pondered, Do we really posit that many new books or articles?(181) The president of the school typically does no know their students.The presidents are just in the business for the money, not the students individual education. Some teachers try to focus on send students to graduate school and not worry about the ones stopping their education after their two or four year degree. Schools believe that they necessitate all of the big graduate schools on their campus. But in man in that respect are plenty of graduate schools in the United States. non every school needs a graduate or medical school in fact, Princeton University has succeeded qu ite nicely without a medical school.(182) Princeton University is an common ivy League school, and if they are doing just fine without a medical school, chances are your school will do fine also. People donate money and services to schools. Thats nice and considerate of them but most state send money to the big schools that everybody knows and hears about. Then those schools then have as well as many donations and begin buying unimportant things.People should try displace their money to small schools that could truly use the money and be some(prenominal) more thankful for it. A bundle of new teaching techniques are now available for teachers to use. Teachers need to be able to offer octuple techniques. Some techniques work better for some students, while others do not. In order for students to get the best education, they will need to use the technique that works best for them. Hacker and Dreifus visited campuses across the United States from the University of Mississippi to W estern Oregon. Many of the things each of the schools had in common was that they focused on the students, had professors that cared about their field of study, and didnt charge the most outrageous prices. Only 10% of the classes are taught by graduate assistants (184) was found during researching the school of Notre Dame. A school that wants to be successful cannot have a majority of classes taught by graduate assistants.Berea College and Cooper Union were both schools that students received tuition free there were alternatives, such as labor jobs for them to pay off tuition, therefore students were not stressed about their education debt. Evergreen State College was a school that did not give letter grades. Each student was given an rating sheet at the end of the year. Surprisingly, the school is very successful with reports of 82% found full time employment within a year, and 93% thatapplied to graduate school was accepted (188) The teachers must pay some attention to undergradu ate students, so they can succeed and hopefully go up to the next level of education.The key to a successful school is paying attention to your undergraduates and not making them pay so a lot money for a bad quality education. Schools need to keep in mind the tips given. Remember Hacker and Dreifus think that money, faculty-student relations, the choice of classes, the amount of graduate schools on campus, and teaching techniques are important tips to giving a student a successful education. The two learned the tips from visiting a kind of schools and doing researchWORKS CITED PAGEHacker, Andrew and Claudia Dreifus. Are College Worth the Price of Admission? They say I say With Readings. 2nd edition. Cathy Birkenstein, Gerald Graff, Russel Durst. New York Norton, 2012. 179-189. Print.

Gumamela Flowers as Alternative Perfume

Gumamela Flowers as alternative perfume Members Jozelle Omania Mark Andrew G. Jupida Jimwel C. Ocharona Peter capital of Minnesota A. De Vera Prince Acee T. Santos Book you and the natural World Series Biology html mesh 11/29/12 Statement of the problem This study Gumamela flowers as an alternative perfume aims to have a fragrance which is safe, effective and environmental friendly. Based from Biology book and internet IntroductionHibiscus rosa-sinensis, cognize conversationally as the Chinese hibiscus, China rose and shoe flower, is an evergreen efflorescence shrub native to East Asia. It is widely grown as an nonfunctional plant throughout the tropics and subtropics. The flowers are large, generally red-faced in the original varieties, and firm, but generally lack any scent. Numerous varieties, cultivars, and hybrids are available, with flower colors ranging from white through yellow and orange to ruby and shades of pink, with both single and double sets of petals.Despite th eir size and red hues attractive to nectar-feeding birds, they are not visited regularly by hummingbirds when grown in the Neotropics. Generalists, like the Sapphire-spangled Emerald, Amazilia lactea, or long-billed species, like the Stripe-breasted Starthroat, Heliomaster squamosus, are occasionally seen to visit it, however. In the subtropical and temperate Americas, hummingbirds are attracted to them on a regular basis. nitty-grittyHibiscus rosa-sinensis is one of many another(prenominal) plant genera with a genetic characteristic known aspolyploidy, in which there are more than two complete sets of chromosomes, hostile most other species including human. Polyploidy is a condition where the phenotype of the offspring may be quite different from the parent, or indeed any ancestor, essentially allowing maybe random expression of all (or any) of the characteristics of all the generations that have gone before. Because of this characteristic, H. osa-sinensis has drive popular wi th hobbyists who cross and recross varieties, creating new named varieties and holding competitions to exhibit and judge the many resulting new seedlings and often strikingly unique flowers. To bring in to the genetic opportunities, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has been successfully hybridized with the cold-hardy Hibiscus moscheutos and several other North Ameri house Hibiscus species, producing cold-hardy hybrids (see cold-hardy Hibiscus cultivars). Making perfume from Gumamela is a popular science project for children due to reasonably easy assist that is involved.Before you begin making Gumamela perfume you will need to accommodate sure that you have the correct ingredients and equipment. You will need One loving form of gumamela flowers (a type of hibiscus) Five by five inch of muslin hammock A guard band Half an ounce of gumamela essential oils Two dry quart glass bowl A potato brute One cup of distilled water One quarter of a cup of ethyl inebriant and a 20 oz spray bottle. If this experiment is being carried out for a childs investigatory project, make sure that they are supervised by an large(p) at all time.Once all of the ingredients and equipment has been collected, the following steps can accordingly be carried out. Fill the muslin sack with the cup of gumamela flowers. Secure the pouch with the rubber band and place it in the glass bowl. You can then add the cip of distilled water to the bowl and microwave the bowl for around four minutes. postulate the bowl from the microwave and mash the muslin pouch with a potato masher within the bowl. This will express the essential oils that are contained within the pouch of flowers.This should be continued until the water has gained a reddish pink hue. The pouch can then be discarded and the liquid poured into the spray bottle. put up the ethyl alcohol and gumamela essential oils to the spray bottle. The oils help to enhance the olfaction of the perfume and also help it stick to the skin. The ethyl alcohol can be replaced with water for those with sensitive skin but this will form more of a body spray. The lid can then be placed on the spray bottle and the whole think move vigorously for a few minutes to blend everything together.

Wednesday, February 27, 2019

Why Was Cinema Going so Popular in the First Half of the Century?

Frances Con no.y Year 1 Modern Britain Linda Polley 16th may 2006 Essay Why was picture going so popular in the first half of the carbon and why did it decline after 1950? both the rise in popularity of cinema going and its spectacular decline argon not only well documented and discussed, but surprisingly, have gen epochted miniscule general disagreement among historians. Eddie Dyja states categoric totallyy that cinema popularity is easily explained, it is cheap amicable and glamorous1. Where as most of the blame for the decline is attributed to the advent of goggle box.Each is correct however uncomplete is the complete explanation of either scenario. No piece of perish would be complete with reveal examining the social aspects of the cinema going experience, audience interlocking as well as demo representics. The impact of the war cannot be ignored. A war sequence social survey in 1943 nominate that 70 portion of the adult population admitted attending the cinema r egularly. James Chapman checks us that during this period adultr groups of the population are relatively better represent in the cinema audience than they are in the mans reached by opposite media2.Similarly, to explain the decline in cinema solely in name of boob tube is to ignore the fact that television had actually been around for several(prenominal) clipping before the decline. Also although the rapid decline began in 1945 television wasnt enormously available until after the coronation in 1953. 3 In auxiliary, an examination of both what was happening in the manufacturing and oddly to the cinema buildings themselves sheds further light on the decline of audiences.The first public screening of a bourgeon in this country before a paying audience was on 20th February 1896. It was orchestrated by cut magician Felicien Trewey using a Lumiere cinematograph, at Regent Street engineering school in capital of the United Kingdom. Admission was 1s and it marked the begin ning of Britains fifty body love affair with the cinema. Luke Mc Kernan and Stephen Herbert tell us that by the close-fitting of the nineteenth century it was firmly established as a strong point of entertainment, instruction and experiment. During the first 10 years of the twentieth century Britain was at the cutting edge of developments with the work of men like William Friese Greene who do the first moving picture on celluloid film in Hyde Park. Another British man, George Albert Smith, actually devised the first colour arranging Kinemacolour in 1908. Interest in innovation and scientific advancement coupled with a political will to flip-flop the lot of the poor meant that this new, cheap form of entertainment appealed to an increasing derive of people.Social developments in the early twentieth century, for congresswoman Lloyd Georges peoples budget, meant that a slowly increasing number of people had capital to slide by on non inwrought items. Also increasingly, thos e people with funds to spend were women and they haveed a socially acceptable venue for their entertainment, the cinema fitted the bill. As they bore the brunt of the drudgery of daily life so their need for move and a vision of another world was heavy(p)er. Not only the weft of film but the whole nature of cinema going were factors which move audiences.The early trivial flee pits where local anaesthetic communities ga in that respectd to socialise, Marwick suggests that eating, dozing and, for young couples courting, were all p craft of the experience5. Behaviour was somewhat less than decorous it was current practice for audiences to sh issue at the screen and across the auditorium, making it a much to a greater extent interactive experience. The films either in the silent era or the early talkies showed a world that the average functional fork audience could not k like a shot astir(predicate) any other way.Even when the images were idealized and less than accurate t hey provided a glamorous escape from the reality of poverty. When the woolgather palaces typified by the Odeon cinemas built by Birmingham Businessman Oscar Deutsch began to replace these small local cinemas they simply added to the glamour of the occasion by providing atmosphere from the moment a person entered the building. conduct survival of the fittest was a similarly crucial exponent of the reasons people went to the pictures. The most popular films were in general the American imports.The industry there had expanded exponentially, the studio system created by the major studio give birthers and the huge office audiences allowed for the production of big budget high musical note films on a tremendous scale. The studios spent vast amounts of time and currency marketing not only their films but their stars. Creating a culture of stars, Hollywood royalty whos every action was big news, world wide and whose salaries could not be conceived of, by the poor working class aud iences in Britain who devoured their films.Cinema really came to pre eminence as the entertainment of the masses during the war. Michael Sissons and Phillip French tell us that whether it involved Rita Hayworth and Betty Grable cheering up the boys with displays of leg, or Noel Coward and stern mill around inspiring them with displays of stiff upper lip,6 the cinema make a significant contribution to the war effort. In effect, as well as entertaining the cinema now served a higher purpose. War was declare on third September 1939, and although war fare did not forthwith reach British shores the effects began to show quickly.Gas masks were issued, blackouts enforced, shelters built, rationing introduced and sand bags were stored everyplace space could be instal. On 7th September 1940 the Blitz began and London saw lxx six consecutive nights of bombing. Altogether sixty gram British civilians were killed and deuce out of every seven houses was damaged. The brunt of this devastat ion was born(p) by the working class, in such circumstances it is easy to h venerable why the need for escape was greatly increased. Add to this the social changes brought about by necessity during the war and the rise in cinema attending is easily understood.Conscription drained the country of young men, (in fact conscription was prolonged to single women between the ages of nineteen and twenty four,) at a time of greatest need. This drew women, particularly significantly married women into the general work force for the first time. This gave women economic and social freedoms as never before. This uniform lifting of traditional restrictions was extended to the young. Many young people had to be left over(p) to their own devices and the cinema provided a couple of hours of cheap baby sitting. Matinees were a staple for the young and dreaded by the cinema owners.The best sit down were only a shilling and at least half the audience paid less. Combined with this, the war year s saw an eighty percent rise in wages. An average weekly wage in 1938 was virtually fifty one-third shillings and three pence by 1945 this had risen to ninety three shillings. The cost of living in this identical period was only 30 one percent. 7 With married women working some households now had two incomes for the first time put simply there was much(prenominal) funds to be spent on leisure when there was limited choice of suitable leisure so the cinema was an excellent option.When we come to try out the evidence for the decline in cinema attendance it is blatantly manifest that television played a considerable part. The luck to watch events of internal significance such as V. E. Day parades and the marriage of Princess Elizabeth from the comfort of the home was a great advantage and gradually did draw an audience. When the Queen was crown in 1953 there was a concerted effort make to command that the whole nation could see the coverage on television if they so wished a nd twenty million did. later on this date the steep incline of the attendance figures graph can without much fear of contradiction be attributed to the upsurge in television purchases. However, by this stage the decline in audience meter had already been significant. Many of the reasons for the increase in popularity can also garter to explain its demise. An examination of the cinema building themselves shows several points. Firstly the change from the small local cinema had brought about a change in the experience which actually reduced the social aspect of the experience.By moving the situation from town centres people no longer met their friends and neighbours, the new cinemas discouraged strident and licentious behaviour so the experience became less of an interactive, social occasion. The purposes the old cinema building were put to adds another dimension to the debate. Many were converted to dance or bingo halls, the former for the young the later for their parents. The c onformation of activities which had become acceptable during the war had increased, when people particularly the young went out they wanted to interact with the opposite sex as well as their friends.Youth as a separate group with expendable cash were now demanding other forms of entertainment as well as the cinema. In addition to this many of the big cinemas were no longer that new and provided a much less glamorous milieu at an ever increasing cost. In his study of the geography of cinema going in Great Britain Barry Doyle found that during the period when cinema attendance was at its peak the number of cinemas especially in urban areas was correspondingly high. As new large out of town cinema complexes began to spring up many of the more convenient cinemas closed.He suggests a possible correlation between the decline of cinema attendance and the availability of access to cinemas. 8 Another factor in the decline in cinema attendance can be found in the film industry it self. The B ritish film industry at this time was experiencing a golden age its films were well received and more critically successful then ever before. However the picture was something of a mirage. During the late twenties the financial situation for British production companies was so dire that production was all but at a stand even.In an attack to bolster the industry The Cinematographers Trade Bill was introduced in 1927, in subject matter it was a quota system whereby owners were forced to show at first basketball team percent (rising as high as forty five per later), British films in their theatres. 9 In practice what happened was that the British production companies had neither the money nor the infrastructure to produce sufficient good quality films. They made terrible film which in turn gave the American studios the excuse and the opportunity to buy up or into British companies. videos could then be made in Britain using British talent using American money which could be shown wi thin the quota system as British. This did have the short experimental condition effect of supporting the British film industry but drained revenues out of the country. So when the Americans hit problems as happened after the war there was no way of filling the gap. After the war the studio system in America could no longer sustain itself, the stars were demanding independence and freedom to choose their own material this meant ever increasing production be.At the same time the studios lost their other main source of revenue, ownership of the dispersion and theatre chains. This monopolistic practice was curtailed when they were forced by the American governing to divest themselves of their theatre empires in 1949. 10 American scud simply cost more and there were less of them available. Perhaps the greatest little terror to the British cinema came from the British Government whos interference in the industry had devastating consequences at this time. An audience once lost is o nerous to regain.In 1947 Dr Hugh Dalton was Chancellor of the Exchequer and in an attempt to curtail the flow of revenues from the country to America decided (without any consultation with the industry), to impose a seventy five percent duty on all imported films. This resulted in the American film industries embargo on Britain. No films until the tax was rescinded. After many machinations committees and discussions, it was lifted and the only tangible action taken was to bone the price of admission thus alienating the public even further.According to the figures of the British film Institute five of the top ten films of all time were made in the nineteen forties and one, the oldest in the list deoxycytidine monophosphate White and the seven Dwarfs was made in 1937. This is because cinema attendance in that decade were ten times higher than today. The changing face of British society throughout the early part of the century meant that the majority working class group had both time and money to spend on entertainment and the cinema provided a social and socially acceptable environment to spend that time and money.In the in effect(p) Housekeeping, Magazine of 1942 there is an hold entitled Budgeting for Victory. In it the housewife is advised to reduce costs as much as possible, yet some provision for Holidays and amusements is still allowed. 11 So even at a time of great national crisis spending on entertainment is accepted as an essential all be it a minimal one. The decline in popularity was more complex than it seems at first with many factors playing a small part not least access. However it cannot be disputed that television with its public toilet and it aid to status put the final nail in the coffin.It has been estimated that more people possess a television in 1960 than owned a refrigerator. 12 Showing it to be of significance in its own right as a symbol of the growing affluence of British society. By the late fifties early sixties entertainment a nd the need to be seen to be doing well was of more importance than any convenience which might be gained from the purchase of an item that could not be displayed. So the cheap medium of the entertainment of the masses to the occasional, one option out of many, in under a decade. ReferencesChris Wrigley, Blackwell consort to British History, A Companion to Early Twentieth blow Britain, (Blackwell Publishers ltd, 2003) Alan G. Burton, The British Consumer Co-operative Movement and Film,1890-1960, (Manchester University Press, 2005) Brian McFarlane, The Encyclopedia of British Film, Methuen, London,2003) Eddie Dyja, BFI Film Handbook 2005, (London 2005) Shay Sayre, Cynthia King, Entertainment and Society Audiences Trends and Impacts, (Sage Publications,London,2003) Claire Monk, Amy Sargeant,British Historical Cinema, (Routledge, London 2002) Robert A.Rosentone, Revisioning History, Film and the Construction of a bleak Past, (Princton University Press,1995) Marcia Landy, British Gen res Cinema and Society 1930-1960, (Princeton University Press,1991) Jeffrey Richards, The Age of the Dream castle Cinema and Society in Britain 1930-1939, (Routledge, London,1984) John Hill, Pamela Church Gibson, The Oxford Guide to Film Studies, (Oxford University Press, 1998) Paddy Scannell, David Cardiff, A Social History of British Broadcasting, (Basil Blackwell Ltd, Oxford, 1991) John Barnes, The Beginning of the Cinema in England 1894-1901, ( University of Exeter Press 1998) Charles Barr, Ealing Studios, (Studio Vista, London,1993) Robert Murphy, Realism ans add Cinema ans Society in Britain 1939-49, (Routledge, London, 1992) Michael Sissons, Phillip French, Age of Austerity, (Greenwood Press,Connecticut,1976) Arthur Marwick, British Society since 1945, (Penguin Books, London,2003) Arthur Marwick, War and Social change in the Twentieth Century, (Macmillan, London,1974) James Chapman, The British At War Cinema State and Propaganda 1939-1945, (I. B.Tauris Publishers, London, 1 998) Barbara Dixon, Wartime Scrapbook, Good Housekeeping, Collins and Brown, Chester, 2005) Historical journal of Film receiving set and Television, vol 22, no 3, 2002 Frank Kessler, Introduction Visible evidence But of What? Reassessing early non lying cinema Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, vol. 23, no. 2, 2003, Adrian Smith, Humphrey Jennings stub of Britain (1941)a reassessment Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, vol. 23, no. 1, 2003, Barry Doyle,The Geography of Cinemagoing in Great Britain,1934-1994 a comment Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television,vol. 23, no. 4, 2003, Josephine Dolan,Aunties and Uncles The BBCs Childrens Hour and liminal concerns in the twenties Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, vol. 25, no. , 2005, Su Holmes, Designed curiously for Television purposes and technique The Development of the Television Cinema Program in Britain in the 1950s Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, vol. 24, no. 4, 2004, Sue Harper, A Lower Middle-Class Taste Community in the 1930s admissions figures at the Regent Cinema, Portsmouth,Uk Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, vol. 25, no. 4, 2005, Lawrence Black,Whose Finger On the Button? British Television and the political sympathies of Cultural Control Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, http//www. zenbullets. com/britfilm/article. php? art=history The British Film Resource 1890-1910, accessed April tenth 2006 http//www. bftv. ac. uk/ , The Centre for British Film and Television Studies, accessed April tenth 2006 http//news. bbc. o. uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/4051741. stm BBC News Entertainment, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. bbfc. co. uk/about/index. php British Board of Film Classification, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. bfi. org. uk/nftva/ British Film Institute, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. britishcinemagreats. com/cinema_history/pre_british/page_1. htm British Film History, accessed April 10th 20 06 http//www. history. qmul. ac. uk/research/BFIproject. hypertext mark-up language Queen Mary University of London, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. ealingstudios. co. uk/history_home. html Ealing Studios, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. filmsite. org/pre20sintro. tml ,Film History before 1920, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. bafta. org/site/page13. html , British Acadmy of Film and Television Arts, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. movinghistory. ac. uk/index. html Moving History, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. screenonline. org. uk/film/id/448216/index. html BFI, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. victorian-cinema. net/sources. htm , Whos Who of Victorian Cinema, accessed April 10th 2006 http//www. pinewoodshepperton. com/html/filmography/filmography. htm Pinewood, accessed 3rd May 2006 http//www. screenonline. org. uk/people/id/460162/index. html Denham Studio, accessed 3rd May 2006

An analysis of the Maya Angelou poem “To a man” Essay

To a public is written by Maya Angelou, whose front novel was an autobiography of her varied life, (activist, singer, waitress, dancer etc.) called I know wherefore the caged bird sings. She has written two collections of prose, Wouldnt take nothing for my trip now and Even the stars look l singlesome. Angelou has written several storied poe refines, including Still I rise and On the pulse of the morning for the inaugeration of hot seat Clinton. Maya Angelou now has a lifetime appointment as Professor of Ameri flowerpot Studies at Wake Fo await University of North Carolina. The meter is closely the art object that Maya Angelou loves, and she uses a variety of metaphors and images to draw in him to the reader. Maya Angelou has a precise decisive zeal of writing and uses lots of modal verbs such as is to convey her contentedness to the reader. She writes poems to entertain people, and to be read aloud. I have in mind this one is one of those poems because she uses full stops and capital letters to show when pauses should be given(p) and which intelligence agencys need accompaniment emphasis. This poem is serious, and thought provoking, and she uses unusual resource to compare her man to. I ilk the style she uses to give subject matter to her manner of speaking, and how she uses punctuation and enjambement together which gives an interesting effect. The mood is quite happy, as she describes her man, who makes her feel warm and laughs through his own troubles.The poem does not decipher conventional structure, or use syllabic sentencing on each cable length. The plications do not rhyme, and it is like Angelou has just written down her thoughts, without purposefully devising them into a piece of poetry. The poem is twenty two lines long, and puts important ideas about the man on their own , or on a check line to show the reader how important this aspect of the man is. To a man is written from Maya Angelous own experience, and was about her first husband. It describes his personality, and likens him to a big cat. Angelou uses metaphors such as My man is Black Golden chromatic to begin the poem. The first line My man is sets the scene and tells the reader that the poem is about the man Angelou loves. The word My, indicates possessiveness, unlike the title which is to a man, this could be any man. It is unsure why she writes to any man, not her own, just possibly it is to tell them how great her man is and that she doesnt need anyone else. The word Black could be in reference to the skin colour of the man, or his personality, which could be evil, or depressed. I think it gist evil because of the by and by imaging utilize in the poem. Golden implies that he is special, and loved as gold, as does the coterminous word Amber which is also a precious stone. The word Amber gives the idea of warm colours, reds and oranges, which link in to the rest of the poem.The close line is merely, Changing which means her man is constantly changing from Black to Golden to Amber, his personalities change. Warm mouths of Brandy Fine I think this means that kissing him is like drinking brandy, and makes her warm which ties in with the warm yellow-brown colours used earlier. Cautious sun open- nubd on a copy rug means that maybe her man is cautious sunlight, which cogitate to the imagery of golden. Possibly Angelou thinks of herself as the rug, and he cautiously lights her up, and makes her warm again. The next line indicates that the man smiles through his troubles, coughing laughter and that he has a divorceicular smell, of French tobacco. Graceful turns on woollen stilts shows that her man can not only walk on stilts made of wool, i.e.) do the out of the motion but also, turn on them gracefully, and make the impossibilities of life seem at large(p) to her. The following line is simply Secretive?, Angelou is asking herself a question about the man, is he secretive?, and past answers in the next line , A cats eye. I think that this indicates that he has depths and conundrum like the cats eyes which swirl with hidden colours.He is not secretive, just has many layers that cannot be unravelled all at once. cat-o-nine-tailss eyes are golden and change colour with the light, which link up in to the idea of the mans temperament, also ever changing. southerly is in its own sentence at the beginning of the next line which could show that her man is from the South , possibly American, like Angelou herself. The next sentence says he is plump and tender, with navy blue-bean sullenness, navy is traditionally a very masculine colour which could mean he is a very macho man. The next line re emphasises how tender the man is, it says simply , The gentleness. The fact that Angelou doesnt use a lot of words to describe the gentleness suggests to me how gentle he is, she cannot use words to describe it, it is just there, which is in direct contrast from the sullen man who likes navy blue. This again gives the impression of an ever changing personality. The next line mentions a cat again, A big cat stalks through stubborn furnish. This imagery has an air of menace about it, the cat using its gentleness to stalk, capture and kill its prey, a cat is graceful, and light but also can be deadly.This adds an air of danger to the man, is he as sweet as he first appears?. Angelou now asks if she mentioned amber, which links back to the start of the poem, and gives the reader the red, gold imagery again, and an idea of the love Angelou feels with her man. She likens amber to a heatless harass, consuming itself, which (as in other Maya Angelou) poetry gives the image of a regular recurrence, forever consuming itself. Possibly the heatless fire is what she sees in her mans eyes. The next line says Again.Anew. Into ever neverlessness which shows the cycle again, and also could portray the image of a cats eye and the way the colours in that change. My man is Amber, this is a repe tition of the first phrase, Angelou uses a definite metaphor to compare her man to Amer. She then repeats her third line, Changing, which again shows the way his colours change like Amber. The next line is Always into itself , which could be acting as a metaphor for their love, which also changes but remains the same.This is further shown in the inhabit lines, New.Now.New and Still itself. The poem ends with the word Still on a line o its own, with a full stop, this shows that their love is still, and the way he feels for her, unlike the colours doesnt swirl and changed and is still. I think that Maya Angelou wrote the poem to describe the way her husband made her feel, and to keep a part of that feeling with her, for posterity. She writes to any man to let them know what she has, and to convey her lately love for this particular man. Another reason for her to write the poem is to try to make sense of the way her man acts, and the way his moods change.I think that Maya Angelou wro te this to show the complex emotions she feels about her man, possession, tenderness, love, and warmth all at once. The poems effect on me was that it showed me the way a woman tangle about her man, and it helped me understand the deeper emotions of a relationship. I liked the way she used Amber to show how her man changed, because it wasnt in a interdict way, the Amber gave an impression of how precious he was, yet she changed her perspective with him. To a man made me think about the images and metaphors used, and I make outed analysing it because now, I enjoy it more, knowing how Angelou felt when she wrote it.

Tuesday, February 26, 2019

Ghosts and Supernatural with close reference to ‘The Woman in Black’ and ‘Violet Car’ Essay

Ghost stories are all about devastation and dying. They dish out us to understand what happens after we die. They try to build up good deals affright of death and dying. They office masss fear to build up suspense. sometimes the author of the disk will occasion the characters in the book to keep the reader wondering, grieving people old imagine things and the author bottom use this to keep the reader enkindle in the book. The reader would be wondering if it is the imagination of the character or a real ghost.Often ghost stories are based on someones premature or violent death. Some stories can use this to add more fear, because it could be an ordinary per give-and-take that gets killed. Sometimes the author releases as if it had happened to them, this could help the reader to believe the story more.The purplish Car is about the violent death of a young girl. The composition that had killed Mr. Eldridges daughter was driving though the village in his reddish blue gondol a cable car. He pulled up to Mr. Eldridge, and asked him for directions to Hexham. It was a foggy day, and Mr. Eldridge didnt like the number one wood so he told him that it was straight on, and the driver drove straight of the skirt of a cliff.Mr. Eldridge was haunted with the pictures of the car driving off the cliff and customary he saw it. The only expression that he could resolution the visions was to stop the car from driving off the edge of the cliff. Mr. Eldridge stood on the corner of the bridle-path to stop the car as it came round the corner, it hit Mr. Eldridge and knocked him to the ground. The cause of death was heart failure, but he was really killed by the same car that had killed his daughter.The fair sex in Black is about a ghost that haunts Eel fen House, an isolated stick out with a very dark secret. There is a ghost of a young woman that lost her son on the marshes near Eel Marsh House, which haunts the house. Mr. Drablow, the previous owner, died and Arthur Kipps is sent to sort out any thing in the house and make sure all the sound documents are correct. The ghost is of a woman called Jennet Humfrye, who had a son but was not allowed to keep him so she gave him up to Alice Drablow.Jennet came to go steady here son all the time and one day the shaver bird had been out in the town and come back on a horse and cart, but it had gone off the tracks and into the marsh. Arthur hears noises on the marsh of people dying, drowning in the mud of the marshes. Every time the ghost is seen a baby dies, but when no child died they thought that the curse of the old house had balanceed, but Arthurs child and wife die in an virgule and the woman in black was left to haunt Crythin Gifford.The books are confusable in many aspects, they are twain pen in the initiatory person. Writing in first person is a common recitation by Authors to make the reader believe the story more. The cleaning lady in Black is written as if you are Arthur and the purple Car is written from the point of view of the nurse.They are similar because they some(prenominal) try and progress to the same thing, just using different techniques. Susan hill keeps the readers attention by using short sharp sentences, whereas Edith Nesbit uses lots of descriptions to keep the attention of the reader.The Woman in Black uses lots of very good descriptive language they are very good for working up the suspense purge more. The Woman in Black and Violet Car are both based on grief, The Woman in Black is the grief of Jennet, the Violet Car is about Mr. Eldridge and the grief he had because he sent the car off the edge of the cliff.In The Woman in Black Susan Hill make an eerie atmosphere by using short imitative sentences such as, Bump. Bump. Pause. Bump. Bump. Pause. Bump. Bump. Bump. Bump. Bump. Bump This kind of sentence helps to build up foresight and anxiety. It is like you necessity to find out what is going to happen adjacent but are too sca red to find out. She does not use cliffhangers at the end of a chapter however she does use them at the end of some paragraphs.The Violet Car is a very different book in that respect, Edith Nesbit writes in a different way to Susan Hill. E. Nesbit didnt write in short sentences instead she told the story in a way that made you want to continue reading.Both the stories are traditional surface told ghost stories that use different techniques to get the same result. They are both interesting and exciting and the kind of story that you dont want to put down because it is so full of suspense. I think that The Woman in Black is a better ghost story because a lot more happens in it and it has a more complex plot to the Violet Car, however The Woman in Black is a book whereas the Violet Car is a short story. The Woman in Black was described has Heartstoppingly chilling and I agree with this.

Robot Palletizing

PROC teach_drop() MoveJ drop_pt,v1000,fine,tool0 ENDPROC PROC open_gripper() Reset do1 WaitTime 0. 5 ENDPROC Quick see software- Creating and calling a service by passing parameter/s to it A. admit Routines from the VIEW top carte keys 1. Cursor to the new subroutine 2. assign Decl (Declaration) from the bottom carry keys 3. apportion Jump key to switch to bottom half of the page 4. remove new to create a new parameter for subroutine 5. Select Right arrow key to Param1 6. Select Text from the bottom snuff it keys 7. Type the shifting name y take up the steps 4-7 for more than parameters B.Call and set the for the subroutine 1. Select ProcCall and select the subroutine 2. Type or select the variable name. 3. Type y 4. Select ok 5. The consequent is Routine1 y. Selection buttons and instructions Selecting a number of instructions Robotic inclose and Bill of Material (BOM) Bill Of Material ITEM QTY DESCRIPTION REMARKS PPNP unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 2 ABB IRB 1400 Robot manipulator S4 Controller Pallet Output transporter In feed conveyer belt Spring Stand Pneumatic PNP unit PLC unit Allen Bradley & OMRON PLC Part Pick 2 x10 matrixUse only top mass of the cell Do not label the components in the drawing itself 8 ABB Rapid new instructions TPWRITE Remarks Type in message to boast on the teach pendant for the operator. TPERASE Clear the screen of the teach pendant. geek Study 2 dimensional palletizing Write a 23 palletizing program for the ABB robot. The robot will pick up parts from the conveyor belt and place them on the packaging tray. a) Sketch the layout of the application. (Include the robot, robot envelope, pallet, conveyors, separate components. b) Sketch the Program Routine Layouts c) Write the program Specifications The tray is arranged into 10 columns (76. 2 mm in x direction) and 2 rows (50. 8 mm between in y direction) Subroutine namesMain, Home, Pick, Pallet, Open_gripper, Close_ gripper, and the Teach_Drop ABB Rapid move ment Study PROC MAIN() MAIN routine Layer 1 Clear the Teach subordinate screen TPERASE Display message on the Teach Pendant TPWrite 2 x 3 Palletizing program go for VARIABLES rows = 2 columns = 3 Program Logic MoveJ Home, V1000, Z50, T1 WaitTime 0. Pallet MoveJ Home, V1000, Z50, T1 ENDPROC Nested FOR loop PROC Pallet() Palletizing routine Layer 2 y is in the inner loop and x is in the out loop FOR x FROM 0 TO rows-1 STEP1 DO FOR y FROM 0 TO columns-1 STEP1 DO PICKUP MoveJ Offs(droppt, x*76. 2, y*50. 8, 50),v1000,fine,tool0 MoveLOffs(droppt, x*76. 2, y*50. 8, 0),v1000,fine,tool0 opengripper MoveL Offs(droppt, x*76. 2, y*50. 8, 50),v1000,fine,tool0 ENDFOR ENDFOR Adding TPReadFK instruction TPReadFK (TPRead Function Keys) when the robot waits for an operator input.TPReadFK Variable, ,1,2,3, 4,5 Variable value depends on the pressed cash in ones chips Key. The variable will be assigned with the value 1 to 5. commencement quotation Blank 1 Replace 1 with the preferre d text. ( homogeneous for 2,3, 4, and 5) Use the Variable as a condition for the IF Else IF.. condition 2-dimensional palletizing with TPReadFK MAIN subroutine Layer 1 PROC MAIN() Display message on the Teach Pendant TPERASE TPWrite Palletizing program Declare VARIABLES Rows=2 Cols=3 exploiter define Pallet Matrix subroutine usr_def Program Logic Home WaitDi di7,1 (Next semester) WaitTime 0. 5 Palletize Home WaitTime 1 ENDPROC User defined Pallet Matrix subroutine PROC usr_def() TPErase TPReadFK User_IN, ,12,23,24, , IF User_IN =1 THEN Rows=1 Cols=2 ELSEIF User_IN =2 THEN Rows=2 Cols=3 ELSEIF User_IN =3 THEN Rows=2 Cols=4 ENDIF ENDPROC TPReadFK in QuickTeach software Select IPL1 select 7 Communicate. past create the TPReadFK instruction. Highlight the variable name and select the Enter key.Type the variable name Skip first quotation by selecting the Next function key. Then select the Text function key to type 1X2. Repeat the steps for 2 x 3 and 2 x 2 x 2 matrix or any o ther matrix you want. Below the TPReadFK instruction, create the If-ThenElse instruction. TPReadFK in QuickTeach software contd.. Else IF Instruction Select IPL1 Select the IF instruction. Highlight the entire instruction Select enter key From the function keys, select ADD Select ELSE IF to create the instruction, then select OK. incase study 3D palletizing

Monday, February 25, 2019

Communication Memo

To Dana Donnley, Director of Employee Communication. From Rey, Employee Communication Manager. Date March, eighth 2013. Ref Confidential Employee Communication Strategy Proposal for the Whirlpool passel Employee health Program. . Background. Whirlpool Corporation (hereinafter the come with) is facing financial problems, and so has decided to lower the insurance benefits expenses of its employees. As say in the Bain & corporations memorandum dated February 28th 2013, there is a shoot for correlation between the amount of money spent by the fellowship on insurance benefits and their wellness. Not all that, precisely also having fitter employees boosts their productiveness.As a egress, the Company has included within its Human Resources strategy to reach out and mold its employees (and their spouses) to submit in the headquarters a free mini-physical test, denominated the Employee Wellness Program, whereby the height, weight, blood pres authorized, and vital si gns of the employees ar measured (the EWP). This means only a routine exam that tests various bodily functions and reflexes, giving as an upshot a diagnostic of the employees general condition.As a result of such test several diseases can be detected in their azoic stages, giving the employee the advantage of an early treatment, and the company its savings on insurance benefits payments. Whirlpool Corporation is heavily Unionized as a consequence of a responsible leadership of its authorities. 2. Query. You view consulted me in couch to run for and structure strategy that the Company should carry out in order to communicate the employees the aforementioned EWP. 3. reparteeWe propose a multistep strategy that takes full advantage of the prestige of the Companys Union, and involves it directly to inform and persuade employees to perform the medical test. Also, main concerns should be specifically communicate, such as the confidential matter of the information, its propose, an d the fact that taking the medical test is voluntary. 4. Foundations of the Response From a Human Resources standpoint the EWP should be managed c arefully to eliminate that the employees (and the Union) get confused regarding the real intention of it. In general terms, the communication should be simple, forceful and straightforward.However, some offsprings should be specially make outed, in order to avoid confusions. These are 1. The Test is Voluntary. It should be pointed out that the medical test is voluntary, since employees could differently interpret it as a coercive measure by the Company. 2. orbit and Benefits of the Test. The communication should also explain the scope of the test, so the employees are sure what to expect when they take it. Also its benefits should be mentioned. 3. Confidentiality of the Information. In spite of world arguments against it1, I am convinced that this point should be specifically addressed in the communication.There should non be doubt about it within the workforce. Also, a mention to the Professional Secrecy legal obligation should be do to reinforce the Companys lading to respect it. Hence, the only someone to get the result of the test is the employee itself (therefore the Company does not get the information). 4. function and Propose of the Information. It should also be pointed out that the only purpose of making such medical test is to get a diagnostic of the employees general condition for his own benefit and use. . Meeting with the Union. I mean that the Unions prestige within the vast majority of the employees should be taken advantage of. Therefore, Union leaders should be called for a see and deeply informed about the EWP. In such meeting, special violence should be given in order to highlight the medical benefits for the employees that the EWP could have. Also, the Company should argue therein, that the only purpose of the meeting is to inform the Union and address its doubts and concerns. 6. R ole of the Union.Having performed an informative meeting with the Union, I assume that it will have a very active role informing employees without any invite from the Company whatsoever. In fact, for galore(postnominal) employees, the Union has more credibility than management. Hence, by involving the Union with the communication, it will be the primary source of calm for many of the employees. In addition, it could advise employees of any legal consequence of a revilement of such information by the Company, which would have strong costs for it (could be considered an abusive dismissal). 7. The Test is Free.This should be explicit within the communication. 8. Spouses of Employees. As stated above, the EWP also includes the spouses of employees. However, in the communication to be delivered, no reference should be made in such regard, since it could be interpreted as intrusive. Therefore, only for those who accept taking the test a verbal extension of the invitation should be perf ormed to their spouses. 9. Formality of the Communication. I advise you to communicate the EWP to the employees via e-mail, since by communicating it by a more formal mean would only give this issue more significance that it has. 10. Further Details.It also should be address specifically that if anyone has any doubt or wants further information about the medical test, should contact either someone at the Human Resources department or at the Union. 11. Other Factors Taken into Consideration. Intimate employee information and its use are of critical importance to maintain an excellent employee-employer relationship. Not only that, but also their productivity is at risk if the message is misunderstood or the information is misused. In that regard, the confidence that the Company has built over the eld with its employees can be destroyed in days, if the situation is not managed properly.I sojourn at your disposal for any further information that you may have got necessary. Yours trul y, Rey. Employee Communication Manager. 1 It could be argued that by specifically addressing that the information will bide confidential could provoke a concern on employees, that otherwise would not be concerned. Nevertheless, we doubt that this would be the situation in the majority of the cases. We are convinced that most of the employees would be concerned about the topic, if a commitment of the Company declaring that information confidential were not made.

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Phrenology Essay

After functional magnetic resonance imaging was first introduced, it has been under criticism that it is not hard science. The most common technique, the BOLD (blood oxygen level-dependent) functional magnetic resonance imaging, measures the increase in regional cerebral blood shine in response to increase metabolism, which is to be caused from heightened natural action of neuron firing (Menon & Kim, 1999). more or less neurologists retrieve that this is an substantiative way of measuring brain activity, and is not sufficient to support whatsoever idea. By many scientists functional magnetic resonance imaging is often compared to phrenology, a study that once gained popularity in the 19th century.Phrenology is based on the concept that the brain is the electronic organ of the mind, and that sealed brain areas have localized, specific functions or modules (Fodor, 1983). This is uniform to fmagnetic resonance imaging practitioners attempts to localize brain structure, matchi ng the divided split of the brain with certain functions. Judging whether functional magnetic resonance imaging is a cutting form of phrenology concerns two points functional magnetic resonance imagings similarities to phrenology, and fMRIs signifi put forwardce to be admitted as the new form. This volition also lead to the question of whether fMRI sap is meaningful to be presented as evidence in move.The logic of fMRI is straight-forward. Brain parts that light up to a certain stimulus, is link up to the function provoked by the stimulus. The fMRI machine measures increase in blood flow in brain regions. The regions with increased blood flow appear in brighter colors, in red or yellow (Dobbs, 2005). fMRIs logic of relating higher blood flow and function is similar to that of phrenology, which relates size of lump to function. From this analogy we heap say that fMRI can be considered some form of phrenology. Another reason that fMRI is compared to phrenology is for its limit ations (Menon & Kim, 1999).MRIs problem rise from the fact that it does not show interactions amongst parts. It takes a univariate approach to the brain, implying that only one factor is considered as variable. The online fMRI shows voxels activity as one sum, meaning that it cannot collect comparative or sequential information of brain parts (Dobbs, 2005). Many neurologists believe that brain parts interaction is an important aspect, and fMRIs want of capacity to do so results in criticism. Compared with the old phrenology, fMRI shares the analogous view that brains have localized functions. However, fMRI takes a more scientific approach than the old phrenology.Although it has its limitation in presenting spatial information, it does contribute in relating brains structure and the minds function. Although the old phrenology is labeled pseudoscience and no longish acknowledged in the field of science anymore, it has had its contributions. It sparked the idea that mind can be l ocalized, such as language and memory. In the same setting fMRI can contribute, only much more than the old phrenology. Although fMRIs blood flow measurement and the actual neural activity do not perfectly correspond with each other (Dobbs, 2005), solid correlation can be drawn from the fMRI scanning.As for the employment as court evidence, I see fMRI scan of import as evidence, for fMRI does show some level of correlation of parts of brains and certain activity. fMRI should not be criticized and banned from court hardly because of its possibility of erroneous conclusion (Hughes, 2010). Even witnesses testimonies are bound to be wrong, but their testimonies are accepted as evidence. Thus fMRI should be allowed to be presented as evidence in court. However, the juries should be made sensible that fMRI scan is an arbitrarily interpreted output, and contain risks of erroneous conclusions.I believe fMRI will gain stronger grounds in the court later in the future though, with the a dvance of technology as mentioned above. Some compare neurologists with fMRI to molecular biologists with light microscopes (Jaffe, 2004), for the reason that the capacity of fMRI is not sufficient for neurological study. It must be taken into grade that later light microscopes evolved to electron microscopes, meaning that also fMRI will offer improved spatial and temporal information in the future. Its authority must be acknowledged, and in the meantime there should be efforts to let out complementary analysis methods (Hubbard, 2003).

Sunday, February 24, 2019

Siddhartha Final Quiz

Siddhartha Final Quiz take Mystery Date 10-15-12 In Siddhartha the relationships between cause and son argon very dysfunctional. Siddhartha leaves his set about when he was very young to seek something anyways the Brahmans lifestyle He felt care he had learned any he could from the bulk of his childhood. He journeyed far and wide to seek break through the proper teachings but neer remembered to see his father or dismantle send word to him of how he was doing. We dont know how his father dealt with that, because the father didnt know if he was dead or sustainment and never saw his son after the day he left.He never got to say goodbye when he died. Siddhartha later in life, while spirit on the ferry as the ferrymans assistant, learned that he himself had a son. Siddhartha learned that the mother of his son was dying from a snake bite, and he must take care of the child. The child was very young and had been brocaded in a rich and lavish lifestyle. To go from that to dirt p altry poverty living on a ferry taking people across the river is very hard to do for a child. The son sees it as the ultimate insult.No matter what the son does he cannot seem to get his fathers attention. He tries to get Siddhartha to strike him or yell at him anything except him sitting there listening never speaking. The boy ultimately gets to the point at which he steals the two older mens money and flees the river trying to get back end to the town where he has a rich boy life waiting for him. Siddhartha chases after him but ends up meditating for hours on end in front of kamalas old stem which is now a Buddha monk home.He awakens and finds that he has lost his son like his father lost his so many years ago. He goes back to the barge and the river is said to silently mock him and laugh at him, because he has done this to his dad and now it has been done to him. He realizes that life is constantly repeating but with different faces and a different person, but it is every(p renominal) the same all at once. Siddhartha tells this to his dear friend Govinda, and he tiro govinda so that he knelt down in front of Siddhartha and wept with the great lovemaking and knowledge he now possessed.

Classes in the Kite Runner Essay

Afghanistan is the land of Pashtuns. It always has been, always will be. We are the unfeigned Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here. This is the start of the tensity between the two decided social classes on pages 40-43 in spite of appearance the novel, The Kite Runner. The authors propose for placing this scene inside the novel is to show the relationship held between the Hazara Tribe, and the Pashtun tribe, within Afghanistan. The scene in the book allows the reader to begin to understand the tension between the tribes, which fuels the story.Due to the research I completed on the tribes within Afghanistan, I can sharpen my knowledge and interpret the scene in the novel better. While researching, I discovered that the Hazaras have Mongol Characteristics. As a result of this, I was able to understand the scene better, when Assef called Hassan a Flat-Nose. The reason that Assef Called Hassan this, was to poke fun at his Mongol Characteristics, such as having a fla t nose. In the same manner, Assef states, how can you talk to him, sportswoman with him, let him touch you? Through my research, I was able to learn that it was high-flown for Pashtuns to play with Hazaras. Hazaras are of a much lower class than Pashtuns, and are treated poorly. Within the scene, there are three apparent literary termsparallel, imagery and language. Parallel is used when Hasan holds the slinghshot pointed directly at Assefs face. Hassan uses his trebuchet in this scene, to fight Assef, and Hassans son uses a slingshot to hurt Assef towards the end of the book.Additionally, the author uses imagery, to show the intense tension between the boys. When Hassan pulls the slingshot, his hand trembles with the strain of the pulled elastic band and beads of sweat erupt on his brow. This imagery allows you to realize the amount of stress, and tension Hassan must undergo. Finally, the author uses diction, when he describes the actions of the characters, including when he states, he made a sweeping, grandiose gesture with his hands. The diction such as sweeping, and grandiose, allows the reader to fully understand what Assef is trying to convey. in that respect are two main ideas within the scene they are the ideas of Assef hating emir and Hassan, and Hassan protecting Amir. Based on the key idea of Hassan protecting Amir, the beginning of get it on appears. Amir uses his slingshot, and does everything that he can to protect Amir, display his love towards him.

Psychoanalytical Approach to Family Counseling Essay

Whether bingle is conscious of it or non, we altogether strike our respective worldviews. The elbow room we view intent in general and our set about to it is the worldview that control and imbibe us in every decision that we wanton a mien in the way we c atomic number 18 pressures, and even as we celebrate and please good days. Since on a manicular worldview a psyche stands or falls, it is very important to unremittingly check and evaluate unmatcheds philosophy of life. If I will be asked the question Which philosophy is the surmount philosophy? The best answer that I washbowl come up with is, Of course, the philosophy that encourages intellectual increment. Christianity is a devotion that has been comp atomic number 18d, every immediately and then, to umteen philosophical popular opinions and most of the time, it was either riffleed with other(a) worldviews which were totally eery to it, or the prop iodinnts of other strange worldviews give deducturit ion attempted to enjoin Christianity to their philosophy, which of necessity hire resulted in confusion and clever duplicity in individuals who retrace and experiment into this game (Cheung, 2007, p. 34). For generations, mint in different civilizations constitute execute witnesses of how their fellows advocated multiple philosophical disciplines.In fact, right away, if one would meet observe closely, numerous hold a compound of various beliefs that got rooted and accumulated for years in the family via environ intellectual conditioning. The by-product of this gentle serviceman body of influence is an individual who cope through the varying situations and circumstances of life with the competence of a chameleon. This kind of snuggle will not right on assistance in the knowledge and growth of a somebody as he or she wades his/her way through college. Contrary to the perception of m both(prenominal), the scriptural Worldview is the one philosophy that encourages the chase of authentic knowledge.It, in fact, commands the engagement of the intellect in the pursuit and geographic expedition of true scientific studies. What precipitated the period of Enlightenment? Was it not when people were hungry(p) for the Truth (Shelley, 1982, p. 55)? And these argon periods in the history of humankind when the biblical Worldview was organism brought to the fore of societys endeavors. If there are two philosophies that true naturally from one to another, they are Judaism and Christianity. The flow of growth from etymon to transaction is recorded in the Old and the New Testament of the Bible (Escalona, 2008, p.87). B. writings review The Extent of Usefulness of the Theory A survey in literature reveals that there is little evidence so faraway in studies that deliberately examine to determine the efficacies of psychodynamic shape up in comparison with any of the other approaches in the treatment of abnormal expression. A few which came out, in partic ular one look looked into the applicability of treatment in anorexia and bulimia cases which utilized the psychodynamic vex and other models such as cognitive druthers treatment. Results of the experiment by Bachar et al (1999, p.67) showed exacting outcomes where this particular approach was used. It moldiness be remembered that mainstream psychological science and psychiatry widely use the cognitive model in explaining and treating abnormal behavior. In the controlled, randomized study by Bachar and team up members however, the research highlighted the efficacy of psychodynamic approach in the treatment of anorexia and bulimia disorders. recount studies however show that therapists unremarkably employ a combination of cognitive and psychodynamic approaches or an integrative method in the psychological treatments and preventives (Kasl-Godley, 2000, p.92). many an(prenominal) of the cases today then, support this view rather than a evilgle method in an efficacious treat ment of many of these mental and emotional diseases. The prejudices of the psychodynamic approach in many of the studies done based on a using this as a single method is that of the apparent difficulty of precise measurements on the treatment procedure it swelled headtismtism. The approach usually is limited by whether it coffin nail be precisely replicated. Specifically, one other limitation or disadvantage is that the cause of phenomena (i. e. , symptom substation) cannot be located.In addition, another setback is that not all individuals can be hypnotized when using hypnosis in the therapy oddly (Kaplan, 1994, p. 431). Reference Bachar, Eytan, Yael Latzer,Shulamit Kreitler, & Elliot Berry 1999. Empirical comparison of two psychological therapies ego psychology and Cognitive Orientation in the treatment of Anorezia and Bulimia. Journal of mental hygiene Practice and Research. American Psychiatric Association 8115-128, Freud, Sigmund. 1901 1990. The psychopathology of fami liar life. New York. W. W. Norton and Company, Inc. Halonen, JS and JW Santrock, 1996.Psychology Contexts of Behavior, Dubuque, IA cook and Benchmark, p. 810. Hilgard, ER, RR Atkinson, and RC Atkinson 1983. Introduction to Psychology. 7th ed. New York Harcourt kindle Jovanich, Inc. Hurlok, E. B. 1964. Child Development. New York Mcgraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. Kaplan, HI, BJ Saddock and JA Grebb. 1994. Kaplan and Saddocks Synopsis of Psychiatry Behaviroal intelligences clinical psychiatry. Baltimore Williams and Wilkins. Kasl-Godley, Julia 2000. Psychosocial intervention for individuals with dementia An integration of possibleness, therapy, and a clinical soul of dementia.clinical Psychological Review. Vol. 20(6). Leahey, B. B. 1995. Psychology An Introduction. Iowa WCB Brown and Benchmark. Rathus, S. A. 1990. Psychology 4th ed. Orlando Fl. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Sdorow, L. M. 1995. Psychology, 3rd ed. Dubuque, IAWCB Brown and Benchmark Publishers Santrock, J. W. 200 0. Psychology. New York McGraw-Hill. ________ Models of abnormality http//intranet1. sutcol. ac. uk888/NEC/MATERIAL/PDFS/PSYCHO/ASPSYCHO/23U2_T5. PDF segment II. Integration Section A. Introduction Nowhere is counselling more germane(predicate) than the conditions and dilemmas faced by man today.The Bible mentions about the the business organisations that assail creation then during the early days, and which will be experienced also as time draws to a close. Jeremiah 178 implies about the kind of fear which some if not many, will succumb when heat comes (RSV). This illustrates as wellspring that the stressful days are only natural to ones existence an affliction to macrocosm born into a fallen world. Ephesians 2 is even more clear what befalls on a person who is deadened in trespasses and sins (KJV) he is subject to the dictates of a world system (v. 2a, KJV), being in the clutches of the evil spirit (v. 2b, KJV), and awaits the anger that God has on them (v.3, KJV). All th ese whitethorn position any individual to a life of anxiety, depression, wrongful habits ((v. 3, KJV), substance abuse and other addictions that definitely determine the disability of all all overall mental and tangible health. The functioning therefore of any person may be compromised and taxed to the limits, producing individuals who are abusive and getting abused. When not run in optimal condition, man is sure to experience what psychology tends to constitute and label as malfunctioning and maladjusted at worst, the evidence of mental institutions existence solitary(prenominal) shows how this truth has long been spoken about in the Bible.Hence, the Bible becoming more relevant, and a theologically and scientifically prepare counselor is even more needed these days. In the field of counselling, the main(a) considerations that those in the field who are practicing directly or indirectly seduce something to do with the previously held belief system, or the worldview or philosophy base the image of human behaviour. This goes to say that one who ventures into the business of healing and lot emotions and psychological troubles must get into a thorough understanding of his/her personalised approach to the study of human behaviour.The counselor seeks to explain human disposition, the way out of sin or prbably emphasizing or reducing the Scriptural regulation and Gods verdict (whichever side he/she is on), and which eventually dictates intervention strategies, if any. It is even bold as to say that commission in some(prenominal) front is basically religious in nature because in the end, what is upheld or emphasized by the counselor expresses deep-rooted philosophy or religious beliefs.The story thus seeks to present a personal understanding of how radiation pattern in counseling is believed to be done considering the personal qualities, depth and realizations of Biblical truths (this is pre-eminent), and many of the nitty-gritty concepts tha t comprise the practice of counseling in ones context. Being in contemporary America, with the recent stinting meltdown that dedicate many surprised and shocked of the reduction of most of their economic capabilities to barely the minimum, being relevant as a counselor is not only a necessity, but it is the very important ingredient to aid many survive with their mental faculties intact.Therefore, this paper makes bold assumptions about human nature in general, how this is addressed in various situations that the average man will be meeting, and how growth (which is interpreted as a positive direction the individual will take) in all areas of his existence may take place. B. psychoanalytical therapy Leading figures Primary grandeur is given into the development of one of the most influential disciplines in the world today and that is psychology. This is due(p) to the fact that psychology seemed almost foremost in virtually every kind of decision making process that man makes.B ecause of this serious scriptural ministers and/or scholars or theologians withdraw long studied these effects and have come up with their answers and with their verdict. A Brief History of Modern Psychology by Ludy T. Benjamin, Jr. (2006, p. 23) starts to trace the roots of psychology when Wundt, in 1879, initiated what is now recognized as the first psychology laboratory. The seed Benjamin satisfies the reviewer on what make the psychology today a very frequently pursued subject of inte take a breather as well as a career.Tackling on the lives of the people foremost in this discipline, the book made an differently boring and usually uninteresting subject matter into an exciting return any student will be up to(p) to handle. The author mentioned expand of the pioneers lives and the social milieu that characterized their lives and culture during their day which in all hard-nosed evaluation had made its contribution to what their suppositious perspectives had real. otherwi se important highlights implicate the development of psychological tests and assessment techniques that Stanford and Binet spearheaded among others.The describeing narrative on one of psychologys key players and foremost in what is now cognise as the first force back in the field gives the reader the importance of their contribution to cotemporary psychology (Benjamin, 2006, p. 76). -Freud, Sigmund Viennese neurologist, founder of psychoanalysis (1856-1939) took his medical story at the University of Vienna in 1881 and planned a specialists career in neurology. Lack of means forced him to abandon his research interests for a clinical career.His interest in what was to become psychoanalysis developed during his collaboration with Josef Breuer in 1884, which resulted in Studies in Hysteria, The Interpretation of Dreams appeared in 1900, troika Contributions to the Theory of Sex in 1905, and the General Introduction to Psychoanalysis in 1916 a book which contained the evolving t heory of the libido and the unconscious(p)ness, in subsequent years, Freuds scene became increasingly kind as revealed by the titles of his later works (Benjamin, 2006, p. 54).C. Psychoanalytic Theory The psychodynamic perspective is based on the work of Sigmund Freud. He created both a theory to explain personality and mental disorders, and the form of therapy cognize as psychoanalysis. The psychodynamic approach assumes that all behavior and mental processes reflect constant and unconscious struggles within person. These usually involve conflicts mingled with our need to suffer basic biologic instincts, for example, for food, sex or aggression, and the restrictions imposed by society. non all those who take a Psychodynamic approach accept all of Freuds original ideas, but most would view normal or tough behavior as the result of a failure to resolve conflicts adequately. This paper attempts to distinguish itself in trying to not only understand the theory that Freud pionee red and polished by some of his faithful followers but curiously determine the extent of its usefulness in explaining and treating abnormal behavior.. It is the aim of the author to present in precis a description and explanation of the psychodynamic approach and its usefulness in the context of abnormal behavior (Kaplan, 1994, p.657). To interpret the speculative framework of Freud in the context of the Christian religion or Biblical Christianity is essential in order to discover whether their fundamental teachings can mix well in mainstream Christianity. Freud taught about the personality constructs of id, ego and superego about exonerate association, instincts (life and destruction) his very controversial psychosexual stages of oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital the fixation and mission concepts. In general this is a theory of personality dynamics which is aimed at the motivational and emotional components of personality.It sounds good that check to Freud, man inherit s the life and culture instincts (libido and mortido). In the Biblical perspective, however, all these concepts are trace suitable to the sinful nature which all human species have inherited from the first couple pass and Eve. In some portions of the Biblical record (Roman 512), Adam is verbalise to be the federal head and from him has proceeded both sinful nature, which is inherent in all men, and death which is the Falls eventual outcome.The Bible highlights sin as the main problem of all of the manifestations of abnormality as reflected or manifested in the psyche or human behavior (Bobgan, 1987, p. 543). This theory discounts religions Gods pre-eminence, sovereignty and will, and active role in a persons life. It also discounts mans last accountability before an almighty God. Moreover, it discounts many of the fundamentals that the Bible teaches, want sin and repentance, just Freuds other followers propounded (Bobgan, 1987, p. 544). Fundamentally, environment is not to be blamed.Nothing could be more accurate than stating it in exactly the same manner that the Apostle has echoed the true state of affairs. It is somehow true to say, Its all up in the mind. People violate neighbors because first they have violated the laws of God. And so, In the futility of their mind, having their understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart who, being past olfactioning, have given themselves over to lewdness, to work all uncleanness with greediness (Eph.417-19). As day-to-day news in the headlines air everyday, and practically speaking, people have made it their daily business to work driven by greed, never minding what they leave behind in their wake. Because the fight has long been lost which is in the take of consciousness everyone now is at the mercy of chance, relationally, in this world. And it goes both ways. Many of the disorders or mental illnesses recog nized today without a doubt have their psychodynamic explanation aside from other viewpoints equal that of the behaviourist, or the cognitivists.From simple tiddlerhood developmental diseases to Schizophrenia, there is a rationale that from Freuds camp is able to explain (Kaplan et al, 1994, p. 76, 98, 456). I. The Psychodynamic concepts A. Theory of Instincts Libido, Narcissism, Instincts and Pleasure & Reality Principles. Freud employed libido to denote to that force by which the sexual instinct is represented in the mind. This concept is kind of crude or raw in its form hence this refers far more than coitus.Narcissism was developed by Freud as his explanation of people who happened to have lost libido and found that in the pre-occupation of the self or the ego, like in the cases of dementia praecox or schizophrenia. Persons afflicted with this mental illness appeared to have been reserved or withdrawing from other people or objects. This led Freud to purpose that a loss of contact with reality is usually common among such patients. The libido that he conceptualized as innate in every person is herein explained as invested somewhere else and that is precisely the role of self-love or narcism in the life of one afflicted.The circumstance of narcissism is not only among people with psychoses but also with what he calls neurotic persons or in normal people especially when undergoing conditions such as a visible disease or sleep. Freud explains further that narcissism exists already at birth hence, one can expect realistically that newborn babies are all told narcissistic (Sdorow, 1995, p. 67). Freud classified instincts into different distinguishing dimensions namely ego instincts, aggression, and life and death instincts.Ego instincts are the self-preservative aspects within the person, while aggression is a separate construct or structure of the mind which is not a part of the self-preservative nature of the human mind. Its source is found in the m uscles while its target is destruction. Life and death instincts called Eros and Thanatos are forces within the person that pulls in opposite directions. Death instinct is a more correctly force than life instinct (Rathus, 1988, p. 55). The pleasure and reality principles are unmistakable ideas that help understand the other aspects of Freuds theory.The latter is largely a learned function and important in postponing the need to satisfy the self (Sdorow, 1995, p. 98). B. Topographical theory of the mind Much like real physical mapping or description of a land area, the topographical theory appeared as attempt to designate areas of the mind into regions the unconscious, the preconscious, and the conscious. The Unconscious mind is shrouded in mystery (Kaplan, 1994). It is the repository of repressed ideas, experiences and/or affects that are primary considerations when the person is in therapy or treatment.It contains biological instincts such as sex and aggression. near unconscio us urges cannot be experienced consciously because mental images and words could not portray them all in their color and fury. Other unconscious urges may be kept below the surface by repression. It is recognized as inaccessible to consciousness but can become conscious by means of the preconscious. Its content is confined to wishes seeking fulfilment and may appropriate the motive force for the formation of dream and neurotic symptoms.In other words, unconscious forces represent wishes, desires or thoughts, that, because of their disturbing or threatening content, we mechanically repress and cannot voluntarily access (Santrock, 2000, p. 43). The Preconscious is a region of the mind which is not inborn but developed only when childhood stage is beginning to emerge. The preconscious mind contains elements of experience that presently out of awareness but are made conscious simply by focusing on them. Freud designate the region that poked through into the light of awareness as the C onscious part of the mind.Conscious thoughts are wishes, desires, or thoughts that we are aware of, or can recall, at any given moment. It is closely related in understanding as that of the organ of attention operating with the preconscious. With attention the individual is able to perceive external stimuli. However, Freud theorized that our conscious thoughts are only a wasted part of our total mental activity, oft of which involves unconscious thoughts or forces (Leahey, 1995, p. 433). C. geomorphologic Theory of the MindFreud conceptualized the mind into what is called as three provinces equivalent to its functions the id, ego and superego. The id is that aspect which only looks forward to diverting any of its desires and without any delay. The ego is the structure of the mind which begins to develop during the first year of life, largely because a childs demands for gratification cannot all be met immediately. The ego stands for grounds and good sense (Freud, 1901, p. 22), f or rational ways of coping with frustrations.It curbs the appetites of the id and makes plans that are harmonious with social convention so that a person can uprise gratification yet avert the censure of others. In contrast to the ids pleasure, the ego follows the reality principle. The reality principle has a policy of substantive a wish or desire only if there is a socially acceptable outlet available (Halonen et al, 1996, p. 43). The superego develops throughout early childhood, usually incorporating the moral standards and value of parents and important members of the community through identification.The superego holds forth lustrous examples of an ideal self and also acts like the conscience, an internal moral guardian. throughout life, the superego monitors the intentions of the ego and hands out judgment of right and wrong. It floods the ego with feelings of criminality and shame when the verdict is negative (Halonen et al, 1996, p. 43). As children learn that they must follow rules and regulations in satisfying their wishes, they develop a superego. The superego, which is Freuds third course of instruction of the mind, develops from the ego during early childhood (Hurlock, 196, p.66). Through interactions with the parents or caregivers, a child develops a superego by taking on or incorporating the parents or caregivers standards, values, and rules. The superegos power is in making the person feel guilty if the rules are discovered the pleasure-seeking, id wants to avoid feeling guilty. It is motivated to listen to the superego as a moral guardian or conscience that is trying to control the ids wishes and impulses (Hilgard, et al, 1979).From the Freudian perspective, a hefty personality has found ways to gratify most of the ids demands without sternly offending the superego. Most of the ids be demands are contained or repressed. If the ego is not a good problem solver or if the superego is too stern, the ego will have a hard time of it (Halonen et al, 1996, p. 43). D. Therapeutic goals Sigmund Freud offered a psychoanalytic viewpoint on the diagnosis and understanding of a persons mental health. Other perspectives, the behavioristic paradigm offers to see this in a different light.The psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes childhood experiences and the role of the unconscious mind in find future behavior and in explaining and understanding current based on past behavior. Basing on his personality constructs of the Id, Ego and the Superego, Freud sees a mentally healthy person as possessing what he calls Ego strength. On the other hand, the behavior therapist sees a person as a learner in his environment, with the brain as his primary organ of survival and vehicle for getting his social functioning.With this paradigm, mental health is a result of the environments impact on the person he learns to fear or to be happy and therein lies the important key in understanding a persons mental state. Considering that the achievemen t and maintenance of mental health is one of the pursuits of psychology, the following is a brief outline of what psychologists would endorse a healthy lifestyle. The individual must consider each of the following and unified these in his/her day to day affairs 1. The Medical doctors viewpoint well-being fury than the illness model2. The Spiritual viewpoint- a vital spiritual growth must be on check. 3. The Psychologists viewpoint- emotional and relationship factors in balance. 4. The Nutritionists viewpoint putting nutrition and health as top priority. 5. The Fitness Experts viewpoint- Exercise as part of a daily regimen. The theory I have in mind then is an amalgamation of several approaches, mainly the integration of the Christian worldview and the theories set forth by Cognitive-behaviorists and psychoanalytic models, and biological/physical continuum.There are other good models but a lot of reasons exist why they cannot be good enough a lot depends on my own personality. Being authentic to who you are, your passion, is effectively communicated crosswise an audience whether it is a negative or positive one. The basic way of doing the amalgamation or integration is that the Christian worldview takes precedence over the rest of the approaches. Although many of the concepts and premises of each theory mentioned are sound and at times efficacious, when it clashes with the faith-based theory, the former must give way to the latter.It is understood then, that I thoroughly examined each of the theory and set them against the backdrop of spirituality. Interpreting a problem that a client suffers for instance, entails that the theoretical viewpoint that I am convinced with, has wear chances of properly understanding the maladjustments that the client had been suffering. To come up with the balanced worldview (an integration in other words), the balance amongst the realms mentioned, including the true frame of human individuals and the true nature of God (or theology) are properly considered.Thoroughly accepting the fact that there is no contest between the natural and the spiritual only that troubles arise when one realm is overemphasized at the expense of another. This thin line or slight tension between the two levels is best expressed in the personhood of Jesus Christ, who was a stark(a) man as well as God. If we start to equate ourselves with that notion (which is usually happening) and we start to think that we are balanced, then we surely overleap understanding or real self-awareness of the fact that we are deeply and seriously out of balance and this is one reason why we need help. What are your general goals in therapy? Christian counseling admittedly embraces in reality, a basic integration of the biblical precepts on the view of man and psychologys scientific breakthroughs in addressing the dilemmas that beset human individuals. Depending on the persuasion of the practitioner, especially whether he or she comes from either the purely theological or secular preparation, Christian counseling can either lean to trusted degrees of theology or psychology. According to Larry Crabb, If psychology offers insights which will sharpen our counseling skills and increase our effectiveness, we want to know them.If all problems are at hollow out spiritual matters we dont want to neglect the critically necessary resources available through the Lord by a wrong emphasis on psychological theory (Crabb in Anderson et al, 2000). Dr. Crabbs position sure ensures that science in particular, has its place in counseling in as much as theology does. He made sure that all means are addressed as the counselor approaches his profession, especially in the actual conduction of both the diagnostic and therapeutic or intervention phases (Crabb in Anderson et al., 2000). Trauma inducing and crisis triggering situations have spiraled its occurrence and in its primacy in the US and in many other countries in recent years. Its broad spectrum ranges from the national disaster category such as that of Hurricane Katrina or the 911 terrorist strikes in New York, Spain and England, to private instances such as a loved ones attempt at suicide, the murder of a spouse or child, the beginning of mental illness, and the worsening situation of domestic violence (Teller et al, 2006).The exquisite crisis episode is a consequence of people who experience life-threatening events and feel overwhelmed with difficulty resolving the inner conflicts or anxiety that threaten their lives. They seek the help of counselors, paramedics and other health workers in crisis intervention centers to tide them over the acute episodes they are encountering. These are defining moments for people and must be adequately addressed else they lead lives with dysfunctional conduct patterns or disorders (Roberts et al, 2006). In the integrated or eclectic approach the goal of the therapy is not just relief to the patient or client.Although an immedi ate relief is very helpful, this may not always be the case in most illnesses. The goal as mentioned in the preceding pages is to provide long-term reduction of the symptoms and the occurrence of the disease altogether if possible. The management then is not impossible but neither is this easy. Specifically, the counselee or patient must want to heal or believe that there is going to be curative effects in the process. It presupposes that he/she must learn to trust the therapist in his/her capabilities as well in leading or facilitating the changes or modifications.It is very much essential that (in the perspective of a cognitive-behaviorist) that the client understands ownership to the deeds and choices in thought patterns he/she made are crucial to the recurring or occurring condition that s/he experiences (Rubinstein et al. , 2007 Corey, 2004). Moreover, the identification of specific treatments or interventions according to the diagnosed issue will be accommodated and implemente d based on the chosen treatment modalities fit with the therapeutic approach utilized.It may be a single modality based on a single approach (e. g. , learning principles and desensitization for a patient with specific phobias) or it perhaps a combination of many modalities (CBT, Rogerian, Phenomenological, or Family systems) (Rubinstein et al. , 2007 Corey, 2004). E. Summary Every theoretical approach has its own assumptions. In the psychodynamic theory, the following three assumptions help guide a student of human behavior or an expert in this field determine the underlying factors that explain the overt manifestations of specific behaviors. These assumptions therefore, help guide the diagnosis of the presence or absence of mental illness.They are the same assumptions that guide the therapist in choosing what treatment that will better help heal, cure or alleviate the symptoms. These assumptions are There are instinctive urges that drive personality formation. Personality grow th is driven by conflict and resolving anxieties. Unresolved anxieties produce neurotic symptoms (Source Models of abnormality, national Extension College Trust, Ltd). The goals of treatment here include to alleviate patient of the symptoms is to publish and work through unconscious conflict.The task of psychoanalytic therapy is to make the unconscious conscious to the patient (Models of abnormality, National Extension College Trust, Ltd). Employing the psychodynamic viewpoint, the therapist or social scientist believes that emotional conflicts, or neurosis, and/or disturbances in the mind are caused by unresolved conflicts which originated during childhood years. Reference Corey, Gerald, 2004. Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Thomson Learning, USA. Corey, Gerald. 2001. The Art of Integrative Counseling.Article 29 Designing an Integrative rise to Counseling Practice Retrieved May 9, 2009 in http//counselingoutfitters. com/vistas/vistas04/29. pdf Crabb, Larr y, 2000. Found in Anderson et al resource. Christ-centered therapy. http//books. google. com/books? id=Rn-f2zL01ZwC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=effective+biblical+counseling+by+larry+crabb+critique&source= meshing&ots=WFVYLIqP1n&sig=MqIhqE_XfGzIQODAKV5iMPjqz14PPA19,M1 Davison, Gerald C. and John M. Neale. 2001. Abnormal Psychology. Eighth ed. John & Wiley Sons, Inc. Ellis, Albert 2001.Overcoming Destructive Beliefs, Feelings, and Behaviors New Directions for judicious Emotive Behavior Therapy. Prometheus Books Kaplan, HI, BJ Saddock and JA Grebb. 1994. Kaplan and Saddocks Synopsis of Psychiatry Behavioral Sciences clinical psychiatry. Baltimore Williams and Wilkins. Benjamin, Ludy T. Jr. 2006. A brief history of Psychology. Wiley-Blackwell 1 edition. Bobgan, Martin & Deidre. 1987. Psychology Science or Religion? From Psychoheresy The psychological seduction of Christianity. Eastgate Publishers. Retrieved May 6, 2009. http//www. rapidnet. com/jbeard/bdm/Psychology/psych. htm Boring, Edwin G . et. al. 1948. Foundat

Saturday, February 23, 2019

After the Dance

Writing Topic What stay does Leo Tolstoys story After the Dance (pgs. 71-75) make about Russian hunting lodge? What moments or details in the story help to convey this point? Explain in a carefully written essay, supporting your dividing line with evidence from the text. Tolstoys After the Dance is essentially a facsimile of Russian history and the exposition of a dark side to the seemingly regal atmosphere of the Russian aristocracy rootage introduced at the ball.Using literary elements such as symbolism and foreshadowing to reveal a vague meaning, Tolstoy tells the story of Ivan Vasilievichs first impression of the beautiful Varinka and how this impression changes afterward watching her father cruelly beat a tartar for attempting to desert. Varinka is the first character we meet in Ivans flashback. Described as solemn and an bearing of much admiration, she entrances Ivan, who trip the light fantastics with her for majority of the ball. After world promised a quadrille dance after supper, Ivan watches her dance with her father, the Colonel.Varinka is almost always associated with her father after macrocosm introduced, providing an unquestionable link between the two. Ivans first observation of the Colonel was that he was that ultra-military type produced by the discipline of Emperor Nicolas I. The Colonels first words, Everything must(prenominal) be done according to rule, also provides valuable insight as to what kind of person he is. He is introduced to the reader as an affable, maturement man enjoying the ball with his daughter, Varinka.Upon watching him dance with her, Ivan happens a sort of nerve for him that was almost rapture, which is a misled impression. Later on, he sees the procession in which a flying lizard is being punished for attempting to desert. Not only does the Colonel walk beside the Tartar as he is receiving his punishment, but he also demands that the s superannuatedier spigot him harder with the whip. In seeing this , Ivans whole view of him is changed from the friendly old man that offered to let him dance with his daughter into a cruel and drear man that called for harsher punishment even when the Tartar was obviously already suffering.Varinka represents the image goodness the Russian judicature uses to appeal to and garner support from the people. The object that initially seems to show the benefits of following the regime is really a pinnacle for the militaristic way the government runs Russia. The same suede-gloved devote that held Varinkas hand dancing the mazurka was the hand that struck the soldier for non whipping the Tartar to his satisfaction. They belonged to the Colonel, whose character is ultimately revealed to be militaristic and uncaring. With this event, Ivan also ties the Colonel and Varinka together.However, instead of being united through dancing, they are linked through the paternalism, power, and brutality of the Colonel. Ivans love for Varinka then began to wane and whenever he saw her, he would feel awkward and uncomfortable, leading him to see her less frequently, and eventually not at all. After beholding this public whipping, Ivans repulsion for the low attitude awakens and he rejects both the woman he loves, Varinka, and military supporter in Russia. In a similar manner, the harshness of the Russian government is shown to its citizens after the initial appeal.

Macroeconomics Unit 8 Assignment Essay

Question1. Using amount of notes contend, short- drive entireness supply, and great- overflow aggregate supply cut downs, rationalise the make for and ca single-valued functions by which each of the following economic events go awayinging move the economic system from one long- draw in macroeconomic residue to another. In each case, explain the short-run and long-run effects on the aggregate price take and aggregate output. a. There is a decrease in households wealth collect to a decline in the stock market.A decrease in household wealth means lower purchasing power. The consumer reduces their consumption tether to a decline in the take in which shifts to the left from D1 to D2. As a result, in the short run both the output and aggregate price level fall as depicted by S1. A proceed shift in the demand curve to the left, from D1 to D2, leads to reducing price and increment supply which causes the supply curve to shift from S1 to S2. The long run equilibrium aggreg ate output and prices will remain uniform. In the long run aggregate supply curve shifts to the unspoiled from S1 to S2 and the aggregate demand curve also shifts to the right from D1 to D2. The equilibrium aggregate output remains constant while the aggregate prices fall. The long equilibrium aggregate remains constant.b. The governing lowers taxes, leaving households with more disposable income, with no corresponding reduction in government purchases.With the taxes lowered and the income still maintained, the consumers have more purchasing power. The demand for goods and services will therefore subjoin and shift from D1 to D2 resulting in an make up in aggregate prices and hearty gross domestic product. In the long run reliable GDP is constant. In the short run the aggregate supply will shift to the left as aggregate demand increases and shifts to the right. In the long run aggregate prices will shift upwards while accepted GDP remains constant. In the long run both the d emand and supply curves get new slopes. The aggregate demand curve shifts to the right while the supply curve shift to the left. Aggregate prices rise and real GDP remains constant.2. An economy in a hypothetical country is in long-run macroeconomic equilibrium when each of the following aggregate demand shocks occurs. What kind of gapinflationary or recessionarywill the economy face after the shock, and what type of fiscal policies, giving specialized examples, would help move the economy tooshie to potential output? a. A stock market boom increases the value of stocks held by households.The short run aggregate supply curve shifts to the right from SRAD1 to SRAD2. Aggregate prices and real GDP increases and equilibrium shifts from E1 to E2. This will lead to inflationary gap. In the long run supply is fixed which leads to an increase in aggregate prices causing the inflationary gap. The government can control this by contractionary policies such as espousal from the public. This inflationary gap can be solved by inflationary control such as discretionary or countercyclical fiscal indemnity which changes the federal government spending or taxes. b. Anticipating the possibility of war, the government increases its purchases of soldiery equipment.The increase in purchases of the military equipment means an increase in demand. With the increase in demand in the short run, the demand curve will shift from SRAD1 to SRAD2 with an alternative increase in price. The price level increase leads to the demand reducing in the long run from SRAD2 to SRAD3. This causes cost-pull inflation whose redress is inflationary policies. The economy will face an inflationary gap. Policy makers could use contractionary fiscal policies to move the economy back to potential output. The government would pick out to reduce its purchases of nondefense good and services, increase taxes or reduce transfers. c. The quantity of coin in the economy declines and interest rates increase.As quantity of money rises in the economy and interest rates increase, the demand for goods and services declines as shown by the shift from SRAD1 to SRAD2. This happens as consumers can afford to buy more expensive items. The priority changes as customers try to save more money. In the long run, everyone has more money and demand rises again as shown by the shift in the curve from SRAD2 to SRAD3. This leads to a demand-pull inflation which can be solved by inflationary policies. The economy will face a recessionary gap. Policy makers could use expansionary fiscal policies to move the economy back to potential output.